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Body Mass Index, or BMI, is a tool that can be used to help assess your risk of developing health problems due to being over or under weight. It is not appropriate for those under 18 years of age, and pregnant or lactating women.
The BMI is a ratio of weight-to-height. Here is how it is calculated:
BMI = weight(kg) / height(m)2
Don't have a calculator? Use the Health Canada BMI Nomogram to determine your BMI.
The resulting number is classified into four categories:
- underweight (BMI less than 18.5)
- normal weight (BMI 18.5 to 24.9)
- overweight (BMI 25.0 to 29.9)
- obese (BMI 30 and over)
Most adults with a high BMI (overweight or obese) have a high percentage of body fat. Extra body fat is associated with increased risk of health problems, such as diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, gallbladder disease and some forms of cancer.
People with a low BMI (underweight) have a low percentage body fat. This can also be associated with health problems, including osteoporosis, under-nutrition and eating disorders.
Sudden weight gains or losses can also indicate health risk, even if this occurs within the normal "weight"" BMI category.
A weight within the "normal weight"" range is one element of good health, but healthy lifestyle habits are still very important. Regular physical activity and a nutritious diet can decrease health risks associated with being overweight.
The BMI system may underestimate or overestimate health risk in certain adults, especially:
- young adults who have finished growing
- adults who are naturally very lean
- adults who are very muscular
- older adults (over 65 years)
- certain ethnic and racial groups
BMI is only one tool to assess health risks in individuals. Also use waist circumference, Apple or Pear Shape and other measures to determine if you are at a healthy weight.
Contact & More Information
For more information contact EatRight Ontario toll-free at 1.877.510.5102 or find them on the web at www.eatrightontario.ca.
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